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- ENVIRONMENT, Page 65False Alarm?
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- Dire warnings about radon may be exaggerated
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- For years the Environmental Protection Agency has urged
- Americans to check their homes for radon contamination. Seeping
- into basements from underlying rocks and soil, the colorless,
- odorless radioactive gas raises the risk of lung cancer. The
- EPA maintains that a household level of four picocuries of
- radiation per liter of air is enough to produce cancer in 13
- to 50 of every 1,000 people who breathe it regularly. The
- agency estimates that at least 8 million homes exceed this
- level, warranting such measures as sealing foundation cracks.
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- But a growing number of scientists contend that radon's
- dangers are overstated. They point out that the EPA bases its
- warnings primarily on studies of lung-cancer rates among
- uranium miners. Such workers toil for years in subterranean
- pits where radon concentrations are thousands of times as high
- as levels in homes. In some studies, it was not clear how much
- of the cancer was caused by radon, how much by smoking
- cigarettes and how much by a combination of the two: researchers
- believe that radon poses a higher risk for smokers.
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- Before making major investments in radon abatement,
- homeowners should take these uncertainties into account. It
- cannot hurt to buy a radon-testing kit, which generally costs
- less than $25. If repeated tests indicate a high level,
- professional testing is needed. While there is no magic number,
- a radon level in the hundreds would probably be grounds for
- action. If sealing cracks does not solve the problem, radon can
- often be flushed out by installing special fans and ventilation
- ducts. Weighing the options, however, could be done more
- dispassionately if the EPA would tone down its frightening
- rhetoric.
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